Gen. 4:8 in context
The whole interlinear chapter
Gen. 4:7      Gen. 4:9

Genesis 4:8

But Cain spoke to (became angry with – Hebr. amar) Abel, his brother.
And it happened while they were out in the field.
Cain rose up against Abel, his brother.
And he killed (slaughtered – Hebr. harag) him.
[The verse begins with "And Cain said," but what he says does not follow, so, for example, the Greek translation Septuagint adds the phrase "Let us go out to the field." However, the second line begins with vajehi, which is a marker for a new section or a conclusion. If we retain the understanding "spoke to," we learn that Cain spoke to Abel, but not what he said. This may be a technique (used by biblical authors in other contexts) called a "gap." A gap is something that I, as a reader, want to know, but the author does not reveal it. It arouses curiosity and invites interpretation. What did they say to each other? Did they ask for forgiveness? Did they quarrel? Did they have theological discussions? The reader gets no answers, but curiosity is aroused. Another way to interpret the verb amar is that Cain is watching out for Abel. A third possibility is that the verb is polar and can mean both to praise, to honor, and also to despise or be angry with, which could fit in the context.]
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The hebrew text BETA

Hebrew Masoretic text (MA), Read from right to left

וַיֹּאמֶר   קַיִן   אֶל   הֶבֶל   אָחִיו   וַיְהִי   בִּהְיוֹתָם   בַּשָּׂדֶה   וַיָּקָם   קַיִן   אֶל   הֶבֶל   אָחִיו   וַיַּהַרְגֵהוּ  

Greek Septuagint (LXX), Read from left to right

καὶ εἶπεν Καιν πρὸς Αβελ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ διέλθωμεν εἰς τὸ πεδίον καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ εἶναι αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ καὶ ἀνέστη Καιν ἐπὶ Αβελ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν αὐτόν

Interlinear — horizontal

Below is an interlinear translation which follows the original scripture word for word. We are still working on the lexicon. Please contact us if you want to help.



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Interlinear — table

Below is an interlinear version in table form that follows the word order of the original text. Clicking on the Strongs number will show the words in their basic form (note that sometimes the grammar causes not only the endings to change, but also the initial letters of the word).


Strongs nr Hebrew English Grammar Code
H9001
H0559
 וַ (va)
יֹּ֥אמֶר (jómer)
 seq
to say
Conj. Conjunktion

Verb Verb
qal wayyiqtol 3p ♂ sing. qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) third person masculine singular

c
Vqw3ms
H7014b
 קַ֖יִן (qajin)
 Cain
Noun Noun
♂ masculine
Name/Place name/place

 Npm
H0413
H9014
 אֶל (el-)
־
to(wards)
link
Prep. Preposition

 R
H1893
 הֶ֣בֶל (hevel)
 Abel
Noun Noun
♂ masculine
Name/Place name/place

 Npm
H0251
H9023
 אָחִ֑י (achi)
ו (v)
 brother
his
Noun Noun
♂/♀ sing. gen. masculine och feminine singular Construct state

Suffix Suffix
pron. 3p ♂ sing. Pronominal third person masculine singular

Ncbsc
Sp3ms
H9001
H1961
 וַֽ (va)
יְהִי֙ (jehi)
 seq
to be
Conj. Conjunktion

Verb Verb
qal wayyiqtol 3p ♂ sing. qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) third person masculine singular

c
Vqw3ms
H9003
H1961
H9048
 בִּ (bi)
הְיוֹתָ֣ (hejvóta)
ם (m)
 in
to be
they
Prep. Preposition

Verb Verb
qal qal

Suffix Suffix
pron. 3p ♂ pl. Pronominal third person masculine plural

R
Vqcc
Sp3mp
H9003
H7704b
 בַּ (ba)
שָּׂדֶ֔ה (sade)
 in
field
Prep. Preposition

Noun Noun
♂/♀ sing. masculine och feminine singular Absolute state

 Rd
Ncbsa
H9001
H6965b
 וַ (va)
יָּ֥קָם (jaqam)
 seq
to arise
Conj. Conjunktion

Verb Verb
qal wayyiqtol 3p ♂ sing. qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) third person masculine singular

c
Vqw3ms
H7014b
 קַ֛יִן (qajin)
 Cain
Noun Noun
♂ masculine
Name/Place name/place

 Npm
H0413
H9014
 אֶל (el-)
־
to(wards)
link
Prep. Preposition

 R
H1893
 הֶ֥בֶל (hevel)
 Abel
Noun Noun
♂ masculine
Name/Place name/place

 Npm
H0251
H9023
 אָחִ֖י (achi)
ו (v)
 brother
his
Noun Noun
♂/♀ sing. gen. masculine och feminine singular Construct state

Suffix Suffix
pron. 3p ♂ sing. Pronominal third person masculine singular

Ncbsc
Sp3ms
H9001
H2026
H9033
H9016
 וַ (va)
יַּהַרְגֵֽ (jaharege)
הוּ (ho)
׃
seq
to kill
him
verseEnd
Conj. Conjunktion

Verb Verb
qal wayyiqtol 3p ♂ sing. qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) third person masculine singular

Suffix Suffix
pron. 3p ♂ sing. Pronominal third person masculine singular

c
Vqw3ms
Sp3ms

The color of the words tell you how rare the word is, the more red, the fewer uses.

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 Complete Jewish Bible – Translation with many translitterated Jewish phrases
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 Tree of Life Version – Messianic translation
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commentaries:
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 Rashi's Commentary – Jewish Commentary (whole chapter)