Rev 18:13 in context
The whole interlinear chapter
Rev 18:12      Rev 18:14

Revelation 18:13

[Perfumes and spices:]
Cinnamon and ointments,
incense, myrrh, and perfumes.
[Foodstuffs:]
Wine and olive oil,
fine flour and grain.
[From the cattle market:]
Cattle and sheep,
horses and carts.
[From the slave market:]
Human bodies
and souls (lives).
[The expression "bodies and souls" can be interpreted in two ways. Either as two separate concepts, where the word "bodies" refers to slavery and "souls/lives" indicates how degenerate human life has become. The two words can also be interpreted as one concept. In rhetoric, this is called hendiadys. Earlier in the list, there are several words that are used in pairs and can also be interpreted individually or as one concept. An example from the same verse is "cattle and sheep," which can refer to cattle and sheep specifically, or refer to the cattle market as a whole, which also includes goats and other animals. In that case, "bodies and souls" describes all forms of human trafficking. Regardless of interpretation, it refers to the slave trade that was widespread in the Roman Empire, where half the population were slaves.
In total, the list contains 29 products and reflects the goods from Tyre, see Ezek. 27. It is noteworthy that the slave trade is mentioned at the bottom of the list of goods that were sold and bought. Its placement, after food and livestock, shows how degenerate human values had become in the Roman Empire.]
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The greek text BETA

Nestle-Aland (NA)

καὶ   κιννάμωμον   καὶ   ἄμωμον   καὶ   θυμιάματα   καὶ   μύρον   καὶ   λίβανον   καὶ   οἶνον   καὶ   ἔλαιον   καὶ   σεμίδαλιν   καὶ   σῖτον   καὶ   κτήνη   καὶ   πρόβατα   καὶ   ἵππων   καὶ   ῥεδῶν   καὶ   σωμάτων   καὶ   ψυχὰς   ἀνθρώπων.  

Textus Receptus (TR)

καὶ   κιννάμωμον   καὶ   ἄμωμον   καὶ   θυμιάματα   καὶ   μύρον   καὶ   λίβανον   καὶ   οἶνον   καὶ   ἔλαιον   καὶ   σεμίδαλιν   καὶ   σῖτον   καὶ   κτήνη   καὶ   πρόβατα   καὶ   ἵππων   καὶ   ῥεδῶν   καὶ   σωμάτων   καὶ   ψυχὰς   ἀνθρώπων.  

Manuscript comments

TR has 29 Words, NA has 31 (+2).


Interlinear — horizontal

Below is an interlinear translation which follows the original scripture word for word. We are still working on the lexicon. Please contact us if you want to help.





Interlinear — table

Below is an interlinear version in table form that follows the word order of the original text. Clicking on the Strongs number will show the words in their basic form (note that sometimes the grammar causes not only the endings to change, but also the initial letters of the word).


Strongs nr Greek English Grammar Code
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G2792
 κιννάμωμον (kinnamomon)
 cinnamon,
Noun Noun
acc. sing. neut. accusative singular Neutral
N-ASN
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G6007
 ἄμωμον (amomon)
 spice,
Adjective Adjective
acc. sing. neut. accusative singular Neutral
A-ASN
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G2368
 θυμιάματα (thymiamata)
 incense,
Noun Noun
acc. pl. neut. accusative plural Neutral
N-APN
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G3464
 μύρον (myron)
 myrrh,
Noun Noun
acc. sing. neut. accusative singular Neutral
N-ASN
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G3030
 λίβανον (libanon)
 frankincense;
Noun Noun
acc. sing. ♂ accusative singular masculine
N-ASM
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G3631
 οἶνον (oinon)
 wine,
Noun Noun
acc. sing. ♂ accusative singular masculine
N-ASM
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G1637
 ἔλαιον (elaion)
 oil,
Noun Noun
acc. sing. neut. accusative singular Neutral
N-ASN
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G4585
 σεμίδαλιν (semidalin)
 finest flour,
Noun Noun
acc. sing. ♀ accusative singular feminine
N-ASF
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G4621
 σῖτον (siton)
 wheat;
Noun Noun
acc. sing. ♂ accusative singular masculine
N-ASM
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G2934
 κτήνη (ktene)
 cattle,
Noun Noun
acc. pl. neut. accusative plural Neutral
N-APN
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G4263
 πρόβατα (probata)
 sheep,
Noun Noun
acc. pl. neut. accusative plural Neutral
N-APN
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G2462
 ἵππων (ippon)
 of horses,
Noun Noun
gen. pl. ♂ genitive plural masculine
N-GPM
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G4480
 ῥεδῶν (rhedon)
 of chariots;
Noun Noun
gen. pl. ♀ genitive plural feminine
N-GPF
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G4983
 σωμάτων (somaton)
 of slaves
Noun Noun
gen. pl. neut. genitive plural Neutral
N-GPN
G2532
 καὶ (kai)
 and
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G5590
 ψυχὰς (psychas)
 souls
Noun Noun
acc. pl. ♀ accusative plural feminine
N-APF
G0444
 ἀνθρώπων. (anthropon.)
 of men.
Noun Noun
gen. pl. ♂ genitive plural masculine
N-GPM

The color of the words tell you how rare the word is, the more red, the fewer uses.

Colorscale:  
1-5
|6-10
|11-50
|51-100
|101-500
|501-1000
|1000+

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English:
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 New International Version – One of the most popular English translations
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 American standard version
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 Tree of Life Version – Messianic translation
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 The Voice – Reads like a script from a play
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 Youngs Literal Translation – Word for word translation
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commentaries:
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