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References (6)

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John 1:45
  Interlinear
Philip sought out Nathanael and said to him, "We have found the one Moses wrote about in the Law (Torah – Gk. nomos) and the prophets wrote about – Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph [adopted]."
John 1:46
  Interlinear
Nathanael said to him, "Can anything good come out of Nazareth?"
Philip answered, "Come and see."
[Jesus was born in Bethlehem but grew up in Nazareth in Galilee, which was a city of ill repute. Jesus fulfilled the prophecy of being called a Nazarene, see Matt. 2:23. The prophets speak of the root shoot (Hebr. netzer), which is similar to Nazareth, see Isa. 11:1; Jer. 23:5; Zech. 6:12. The derogatory term Nazarene is also fulfilled in how Jesus was despised, see Ps. 22:6–7; Isa. 53:3. Philip's response is not an argument but an invitation to meet Jesus himself.]
John 1:47
  Interlinear
Jesus saw Nathanael coming toward him and said of him, "Behold, here is a true (real, genuine) Israelite, in whom there is no deceit (falsehood)."
[Nathanael is a Hebrew name meaning "God gives" or "gift from God." He came from the town of Cana in Galilee, see John 21:2. Jesus makes a comparison with Nathanael's ancestor Jacob. The name Jacob means "deceiver, one who lies in wait and attacks." The literal meaning is "he who holds the heel," see Gen. 25:26. The name described Jacob's character before God gave him a new name – Israel, see Gen. 32:27–28. The name Israel has several meanings: "to struggle with God" or "God struggles for us," "God reigns" or "to reign with God." Jacob saw a ladder reaching to heaven in a dream, see Gen. 28:10–17. Jesus is that ladder, verse 51.
Nathanael is probably the same person as the disciple Bartholomew. It was not unusual to have several names. He is always mentioned together with Philip, see Matt. 10:3; Mark 3:18; Luke 6:14.]
John 1:48
  Interlinear
Nathanael asked him, "How do you know me?" [How do you know these things about me?]
Jesus answered him, "Before Philip called you, when you were still sitting under the fig tree, I saw you."
[The fig tree is a symbol of the nation of Israel, see Jer. 8:13; 24:1–10; Hos. 9:10. Sitting under the fig tree was a rabbinical image for praying and studying Scripture. One's own fig tree also refers to one's own home, see Mic. 4:4; Zech. 3:10. The fig tree, with its broad, thick leaves, provided good protection from the sun. Something in Jesus' answer must have caused Nathanael to go from being a skeptic to becoming a believer, see verse 49. Nathanael, who had traveled down to the Jordan Valley to listen to John the Baptist's teaching, was probably familiar with the rabbinical teaching on prayer, which said, "He who prays and does not pray for the coming of the Messiah has not yet prayed."]
John 1:49
  Interlinear
Nathanael said, "Rabbi (teacher), you are the Son of God, you are the King of Israel!"
John 21:2
  Interlinear

The following [seven] people were gathered:
Simon Peter,
Thomas, called the Twin (Gk. Didymus),
Nathanael, from Cana in Galilee,
the sons of Zebedee [James and John]
and two other disciples of Jesus.
[The two other disciples who are not named may have been Andrew and Philip. They are mentioned together in John 6:7–8 and John 12:22.]