1 Tim. 2:12 in context
The whole interlinear chapter
1 Tim. 2:11      1 Tim. 2:13

First letter to Timothy 2:12

I do not permit a woman to teach
,
nor to dominate (Gk. authenteo) over a man,
but she is to be silent (calm and peaceful).
[This verse is one of the more controversial in the Bible. The reason is that, depending on the translation, the role of women in teaching is affected. Since the woman Priscilla taught Apollos here in Ephesus, and Timothy was taught by his mother and grandmother, the verse cannot forbid women from teaching, see 2 Tim 1:5; Acts 18:26. In that case, Paul would contradict Jesus, who sent some women with the mission of telling the disciples about his resurrection, see John 20:17–18, and also the Old Testament, where Huldah, Deborah, and Miriam were godly female leaders.
The verse is often divided into two parts. First, Paul seems to forbid a woman to teach, then comes the word "or" followed by the second prohibition: to have authority over a man. The problem with this interpretation is that the word "or" (Gk. oude, found 31 times in Paul's letters) is always used to combine two thoughts into a whole. The chiastic structure means that the meaning could also be "teach dominantly." What also complicates the interpretation is that Paul does not use the usual word exousia for authority. Instead, he chooses authenteo, which is only used here in the entire Bible. Even in ancient sources, the word is unusual. In writings from a couple of hundred years BC, the word seems to refer to the person responsible for someone's death and has sexual connotations, while in more modern texts it seems to refer to control and authority. The origin of the word has to do with "the one who performs something and the one who is responsible." The word was also used in Gnosticism, and by using this word, Paul may have been specifically referring to early Gnostic teachings that flourished in Ephesus along with the female-dominated cult of Artemis. They taught that Eve existed spiritually before Adam, and that she was not deceived but rather enlightened by the serpent. The use of the singular form "woman" here may refer to a specific woman in Ephesus. In 1 Tim. 1:19, two men are named. The introduction in 1 Tim 1:3 refers not only to men, but also to women. In the neighboring city of Thyatira, a woman taught "deep truths about Satan" and led many astray, see Rev 2:20–24.]
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The greek text BETA

Nestle-Aland and Textus Receptus

διδάσκειν   δὲ   γυναικὶ   οὐκ   ἐπιτρέπω   οὐδὲ   αὐθεντεῖν   ἀνδρὸς   ἀλλ᾽   εἶναι   ἐν   ἡσυχίᾳ.  

Manuscript comments

The greek text has 12 words. There is no difference between NA and TR in this verse.


Interlinear — horizontal

Below is an interlinear translation which follows the original scripture word for word. We are still working on the lexicon. Please contact us if you want to help.





Interlinear — table

Below is an interlinear version in table form that follows the word order of the original text. Clicking on the Strongs number will show the words in their basic form (note that sometimes the grammar causes not only the endings to change, but also the initial letters of the word).


Strongs nr Greek English Grammar Code
G1321
 διδάσκειν (didaskein)
 To teach
VERB Verb
pres. active inf. present active infinitive
V-PAN
G1161
 δὲ (de)
 however,
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G1135
 γυναικὶ (gynaiki)
 a woman
Noun Noun
dative sing. ♀ dative singular feminine
N-DSF
G3756
 οὐκ (oyk)
 not
Particle Particle
Nominative Nominative
 PRT-N
G2010
 ἐπιτρέπω (epitrepo)
 I do permit,
VERB Verb
pres. active ind. present active indicative
sing. first person singular
V-PAI-1S
G3761
 οὐδὲ (oyde)
 nor
Conj. Conjunktion
nom. Nominative
CONJ-N
G0831
 αὐθεντεῖν (aythentein)
 to use authority over
VERB Verb
pres. active inf. present active infinitive
V-PAN
G0435
 ἀνδρὸς (andros)
 a man,
Noun Noun
gen. sing. ♂ genitive singular masculine
N-GSM
G0235
 ἀλλ᾽ (all)
 but
Conj. Conjunktion
 CONJ
G1510
 εἶναι (einai)
 to be
VERB Verb
pres. active inf. present active infinitive
V-PAN
G1722
 ἐν (en)
 in
Preposition Preposition
 PREP
G2271
 ἡσυχίᾳ. (esychia.)
 quietness.
Noun Noun
dative sing. ♀ dative singular feminine
N-DSF

The color of the words tell you how rare the word is, the more red, the fewer uses.

Colorscale:  
1-5
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|11-50
|51-100
|101-500
|501-1000
|1000+

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 Expanded Bible – Expanded translations with comments and references
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 New International Version – One of the most popular English translations
 Complete Jewish Bible – Translation with many translitterated Jewish phrases
 American standard version
 New King James Version – One of the most common English translations, uses Textus Receptus
 Tree of Life Version – Messianic translation
 NET Bible – Has a lot of commentary, generous copyright policy
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 The Passion Translation – Paraphrase
 Youngs Literal Translation – Word for word translation
 Bible Hub – Website with many English translations

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commentaries:
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