Jude 1:12 in context
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Jude 1:11      Jude 1:13

Jude 1:12

[Now follow five more examples that form a chiasm. The first and last have to do with seafaring and the danger of straying off course. The second and penultimate use images of water with clouds and wild sea waves. Central to this is an image in which false teachers are likened to trees without fruit, a simile often used by Jesus, see Matt. 12:33.]
They are reefs at your love feasts [agape meals where the congregation also celebrated communion] where they shamelessly feast with you and help themselves. [These false teachers are like hidden reefs that cause ships on their way to port to run aground and be wrecked.]
They are clouds without rain
driven away by the winds.
[In a climate where rain is essential for life, rain clouds were eagerly awaited. These false leaders were spiritually empty.]
They are late autumn trees without fruit,
[the fruit-bearing season is over and they have borne no fruit]
twice dead [completely dead] and uprooted.
[The center of the kiasmos. Jesus speaks in a similar way, see Matt. 7:16–20.]
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The greek text BETA

Nestle-Aland (NA)

Οὗτοί   εἰσιν   οἱ   ἐν   ταῖς   ἀγάπαις   ὑμῶν   σπιλάδες,   συνευωχούμενοι,   ἀφόβως   ἑαυτοὺς   ποιμαίνοντες·   νεφέλαι   ἄνυδροι,   ὑπὸ   ἀνέμων   παραφερόμεναι,   δένδρα   φθινοπωρινὰ   ἄκαρπα,   δὶς   ἀποθανόντα,   ἐκριζωθέντα·  

Textus Receptus (TR)

Οὗτοί   εἰσιν   οἱ   ἐν   ταῖς   ἀγάπαις   ὑμῶν   σπιλάδες,   συνευωχούμενοι,   ἀφόβως   ἑαυτοὺς   ποιμαίνοντες·   νεφέλαι   ἄνυδροι,   ὑπὸ   ἀνέμων   παραφερόμεναι,   δένδρα   φθινοπωρινὰ   ἄκαρπα,   δὶς   ἀποθανόντα,   ἐκριζωθέντα·  

Manuscript comments

TR has 21 Words, NA has 23 (+2).


Interlinear — horizontal

Below is an interlinear translation which follows the original scripture word for word. We are still working on the lexicon. Please contact us if you want to help.





Interlinear — table

Below is an interlinear version in table form that follows the word order of the original text. Clicking on the Strongs number will show the words in their basic form (note that sometimes the grammar causes not only the endings to change, but also the initial letters of the word).


Strongs nr Greek English Grammar Code
G3778
 Οὗτοί (Oytoi)
 These
Demonstrative pron. Demonstrative pronoun
nom. pl. ♂ Nominative plural masculine
D-NPM
G1510
 εἰσιν (eisin)
 are
VERB Verb
pres. active ind. present active indicative
pl. third person plural
V-PAI-3P
G3588
 οἱ (oi)
 the ones
Definite article Definite article
nom. pl. ♂ Nominative plural masculine
T-NPM
G1722
 ἐν (en)
 in
Preposition Preposition
 PREP
G3588
 ταῖς (tais)
 the
Definite article Definite article
dative pl. ♀ dative plural feminine
T-DPF
G0026
 ἀγάπαις (agapais)
 love feasts
Noun Noun
dative pl. ♀ dative plural feminine
N-DPF
G4771
 ὑμῶν (ymon)
 of you,
Personal Pron. Personal Pronoun
gen. pl. second person genitive plural
P-2GP
G4694
 σπιλάδες, (spilades,)
 hidden reefs,
Noun Noun
nom. pl. ♀ Nominative plural feminine
N-NPF
G4910
 συνευωχούμενοι, (syneyochoymenoi,)
 feasting together [with you]
VERB Verb
pres. middle dep. part. present middle or passive deponent Participle
nom. pl. ♂ Nominative plural masculine
V-PNP-NPM
G0870
 ἀφόβως (aphobos)
 fearlessly,
Adverb Adverb
 ADV
G1438
 ἑαυτοὺς (eaytoys)
 themselves
Reflexive pron. Reflexive pronoun
acc. pl. ♂ third person accusative plural masculine
F-3APM
G4165
 ποιμαίνοντες· (poimainontes.)
 shepherding;
VERB Verb
pres. active part. present active Participle
nom. pl. ♂ Nominative plural masculine
V-PAP-NPM
G3507
 νεφέλαι (nephelai)
 clouds
Noun Noun
nom. pl. ♀ Nominative plural feminine
N-NPF
G0504
 ἄνυδροι, (anydroi,)
 without water,
Adjective Adjective
nom. pl. ♀ Nominative plural feminine
A-NPF
G5259
 ὑπὸ (ypo)
 by
Preposition Preposition
 PREP
G0417
 ἀνέμων (anemon)
 winds
Noun Noun
gen. pl. ♂ genitive plural masculine
N-GPM
G3911
 παραφερόμεναι, (parapheromenai,)
 being carried away;
VERB Verb
pres. pass. part. present passive Participle
nom. pl. ♀ Nominative plural feminine
V-PPP-NPF
G1186
 δένδρα (dendra)
 trees
Noun Noun
nom. pl. neut. Nominative plural Neutral
N-NPN
G5352
 φθινοπωρινὰ (phthinoporina)
 autumnal
Adjective Adjective
nom. pl. neut. Nominative plural Neutral
A-NPN
G0175
 ἄκαρπα, (akarpa,)
 without fruit,
Adjective Adjective
nom. pl. neut. Nominative plural Neutral
A-NPN
G1364
 δὶς (dis)
 twice
Adverb Adverb
 ADV
G0599
 ἀποθανόντα, (apothanonta,)
 having died,
VERB Verb
2nd aorist active part. second aorist active Participle
nom. pl. Neutral Nominative plural Neutral
V-2AAP-NPN
G1610
 ἐκριζωθέντα· (ekrizothenta.)
 having been uprooted;
VERB Verb
aorist pass. part. aorist passive Participle
nom. pl. Neutral Nominative plural Neutral
V-APP-NPN

The color of the words tell you how rare the word is, the more red, the fewer uses.

Colorscale:  
1-5
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|11-50
|51-100
|101-500
|501-1000
|1000+

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